C. Hess
October 2006
Includes: agarian reform; agricultural expansion; agroecology; agroforestry; agrotechnology; alley farming; cash cropping; communal or group farming; cropping systems; desertification; drought and erosion management; dryland management; ejidos; family farming; farm forestry; farm policy; farmers' associations; gardening; history of agricultural management; household food production; indigenous agriculture; participatory rural appraisal (PRA); rapid rural appraisal (RRA); rural development; shifting cultivation; soil conservation; swidden fallows; terracing; etc.
Also, names of individual crops: cocoa, cotton, rice, etc.
(See also Forestry, Land Tenure and Use, and Water Resources Sectors)Fisheries
Includes: aquaculture; artisanal fisheries; co-management; coral reefs; fisheries' history; ITQs; limited entry; mariculture; marine property rights; quotas; sealing; seine fishing, shellfisheries; stewardship, whaling etc.
Also, types of fish: cod, crab, salmon, etc.
Also, types of fishing vessels and fishing technologies
(See also Water Resources and Global Commons Sectors)Forest Resources
Includes: afforestation; agroforestry; buffer zones; certification clearcutting; community forestry; deforestation; ejidos; forest management; forest policy; forest products; fuelwood; harvesting, hunters and gatherers; plantations; rainforests; sacred groves; savannahs; silviculture; soil conservation; stewardship, timber; tropical forests; woodlots, etc.
Also: names of trees and forest products: acacia, bamboo, mangrove, palm, etc.
Also: research technology and methods, such as GIS, mapping, remote sensing, etc.
(See also Agriculture, Grazing, Land Tenure and Use, Water Resources, Wildlife Sectors)General and Multiple-use Commons
Includes: biodiversity; conservation; ecology; ecosystems, environmental management; environmental policy; multiple resource management; multiple-use; natural resources; pollution; resource sharing; rural development; sustainable development, etc.
(See also: Global Commons Sector)Global Commons
Includes: acid rain, air pollution, air slots, atmosphere, carbon sequestration; climate change, electro-magnetic spectrum, governance and management of arctic regions; global warming, greenhouse effect; international treaties; oceans, outer space; governance, law and management of transboundary resources; transboundary disputes, radio spectrum, etc.Grazing Areas
Includes: cattle grazing; herding systems; husbandry; livestock management; nomads; overgrazing; pastoralism; range management; rangelands, transhumance, etc. Also: reindeer, caribou,etc.
(See also Agriculture, Land Tenure and Use, Forestry, and Wildlife Sectors)History
Includes historical publications
ex.: Cook, G. W. [1856] The Acts for Facilitating the Inclosure of Commons in England and Wales...
Also includes modern publications about the history of common pool and common property resources
ex.: Norberg, K. [1988] "Dividing up the Commons: Institutional Change in Rural France, 1789-1799." Politics and Society 16:265-286.Information and Knowledge Commons
Includes: anticommons, copyright, indigenous, local, scientific knowledge issues, intellectual property rights, the Internet, libraries, patents, virtual commons, etc.
(See also Nontraditional CPRs and Social Organization Sectors)Land Tenure and Use
Includes: arid regions; boundaries; communal lands; customary land law; enclosure; land degradation; land economics; landowners; property rights; public lands; smallholder, etc.
(See also Agriculture, Grazing, Forestry)New Commons (also called Nontraditional CPRs)
Examples: air slots, budgets, cable TV, campus commons, radio spectrum, tourism management, roads, etc.
(See also Information and Knowledge Commons and Urban Commons)Social Organization
Includes: capacity building; clans; class structure; collectives; community organization and participation; cultural history; ejidos; ethnicity; family structure; gender; governance systems; group behavior; households; indigenous institutions; institutional change; kibbutzim; kinship; panchayats; participatory management; peasants; sherpas; social change; social conflict; social norms; tribal structure, village organization; women, etc.
(See also Information and Knowledge, Theory and General & Multiple-Use Sectors)Theory & Experimental
Includes: adaptive systems; agent-based computational economics; club goods; collective action; common property regimes and rights; complexity; conflict resolution; cooperation; covenantal theory; decision making; design principles; economics, institutional, and legal history; ecological economics; efficiency; experimental economics; free riding; game theory; IAD framework; institutional analysis; institutional economics; mechanism design; models; new institutionalism; norms; policy, prisoner's dilemma' property rights; public goods and bads; reciprocity; rent seeking; rules; scarcity; self-governance; simulations; social capital; tragedy of the commons; trust, etc.
(Also search above keywords in combination with all other Sectors).Urban Commons
Includes: apartment complexes and housing collectives; city commons; industrialized areas; parking, playgrounds, sidewalks, waste management, urban greenspace, urban forestry, etc.
(See also New Commons Sector).Water Resources
Includes: canals; coastal management; coral reefs; dams; dyke management; groundwater, huertas; irrigation systems; marine policy; river management; riparian rights; sea tenure; watersheds; water pollution; water scarcity, etc.
(See also Fisheries, Agriculture, & Forestry Sectors).Wildlife
Examples: animal conservation and protection; biological diversity; CAMPFIRE (Zimbabwean project); endangered species; hunters and gatherers; indigenous management systems; poaching; etc.
(See also Fisheries Sector for aquatic animals; and Grazing for livestock, cattle and rangeland management).