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Which Machine-Learning Model Do You Want In Your Ocean’s Eleven: A Computational Prisoner’s Dilemma Simulation
(2024) Bai, Jayden
Which machine-learning model is the best at winning the prisoner’s dilemma? Which models create the best cumulative outcomes? Is there a model that perfectly captures both winning and cumulative points? These are questions generated from a simple 2 x 2 payoff matrix of the prisoner’s dilemma. Imagine you and your partner in crime are caught and sent independently into questioning. You can either collaborate or defect, but you don’t know what your partner will do. If you both collaborate, cumulatively, you’ll each get one year in jail. If you defect and your partner collaborates, you’ll serve no time and they will serve 10 years, and vice versa. If you both defect, you’ll both serve 5 years in jail. Placing AIs against each other to play just one round doesn’t reveal much about their code, strategy, and end goal. So the Reinforcement Learning, Pattern Learning, Tit For Tat, and other models were put up against each other in a 100 round game where their behavior, convergence, and learning were analyzed to reveal the most effective ways strategies to beat the prisoner’s dilemma. All code and data is open sourced here.
Enhancing Canadian Blackberries Production in New Brunswick through Climate-Smart Agriculture
(2024) University, Usman
This research paper focuses on the integration of digital technologies in
Canadian Triple Crown blackberry production in New Brunswick to enhance
productivity and adapt traditional farming practices to changing climate
conditions. Drawing insights from recent studies such as "Application of
digital technologies for ensuring agricultural productivity" and "Research
and Innovation in Agriculture NBER," this paper explores the impact of
innovation, research, and policies on agricultural advancements locally and
globally. The specific innovative aspect highlighted is the application of
artificial intelligence (AI) in precision agriculture to optimize crop
management and resource allocation. The research methodology includes a
systematic literature review of articles focusing on digital technologies in
agriculture, with a particular emphasis on AI applications, tailored to the
unique climate challenges faced by Canadian berry producers.
Climate-Smart Livestock Breeding: A Study of Holstein-Friesian Cattle in Canada and Pakistan
(2024) Vair, Maryam
Climate change poses significant challenges to livestock production worldwide, necessitating
the adoption of climate-smart breeding practices to enhance the resilience of livestock
populations. This study investigates climate-smart breeding practices in Holstein-Friesian
cattle, a widely used breed in dairy production, in both Canada and Pakistan. This research
aims to assess the current status of climate-smart breeding initiatives and their effectiveness in
improving the resilience of Holstein-Friesian cattle to climate variability in these two
contrasting environments. Methodologically, a Qualitative approach is employed, combining
quantitative analysis of breeding data with qualitative analysis of articles, books, and lab data.
The finding of the study showed that Canada places a strong emphasis on genomic
technologies and advanced cross-breeding, producing robust Holsteins with great milk
production. The findings of the study showed that the surrounding atmosphere has an
immense impact on the productivity of the Holstein Friesian. Pakistan's inadequate
infrastructure and resources make it difficult to carry out such efforts. Despite this, indigenous
knowledge and customary breeding techniques have the potential to increase climate
resistance. Although it depends on animal breeding, Pakistan's agriculture industry faces low
productivity because of managerial problems. Cooperation between the two countries could
improve knowledge sharing and increase Holstein cattle's ability to withstand climatic change.
The study contributes to understanding the climate-smart breeding practice and highlights the
significance of collaboration to enhance livestock production.
Conservational Strategies: A Study of Red Mulberry (Morus Rubra)
(2024) Al-Bazik, Amanet
Red mulberry (Morus rubra) cultivation in Canada confronts multifaceted challenges, including
habitat loss, climate variability, and intensification of agricultural practices, which collectively
jeopardize its population and genetic diversity. This study investigates the conservation
strategies employed for the protection and recovery of red mulberry populations across
Canada. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing recovery plans, management initiatives,
and research efforts, this research aims to assess the effectiveness of current conservation
practices and identify areas for improvement. The research adopted qualitative methods i.e.
descriptive and analytical methods are used for the synthesis of the literature review. For
analysis, the content analysis method is applied. The research highlights the significance of
long-term monitoring programs to track population trends, assess the success of conservation
interventions, and adapt management strategies accordingly. The research endeavours to
promote the sustainable conservation of this ecologically and culturally valuable species,
ensuring its persistence for future generations.
SOCIAL-CULTURAL STIGMAS AND ENCOUNTERS FACED BY ‘STILL UNMARRIED’ WOMEN AND THEIR FAMILIES
(2023) Bukhari, Nayab
Marriage is an important institution of human society that binds two humans socially, morally, and
religiously. Due to recent trends and transformations in society, most women do not prefer to get married
or are not eligible to get married as per various socio-cultural norms and demands. This research is
focused on the issues single women face — from social unacceptability to finding accommodation to
finding places to interact safely with each other which — are not being addressed by society or the
state. The purpose of the study was to explore women’s experiences of being stigmatized by society as
leftover and to find out sociocultural constraints faced by still unmarried women and their families. In
this regard, the sample of 10 still unmarried women aged 35 and above was selected by using the snowball
sampling technique for conducting in-depth interviews. For thematic analysis, it was concluded that still
unmarried girls are not only facing problems by themselves but their families too are faced with various
social pressures Theoretical considerations of social, economic, and demographic factors promoting
delayed marriage. All this requires an identity shift to reframe single as a positive social
identity which begins by raising awareness about singlism. The findings of this study may promote
positive social change by raising awareness about singlism.