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Augmenting Fishers' Welfare and Livelihood Assets through Community Based Management in Bangladesh
(2006) Islam, Gazi Md. Nurul; Abdullah, Nik Mustapha Raja; Viswanathan, K. Kuperan; Yew, Tai Shzee
"This study investigates the impact of Community Based Fisheries Management (CBFM) on fishing households' welfare in Bangladesh by examining how the various types of livelihood assets contribute to household incomes. The CBFM projects have been implemented in Bangladesh since 1995, through the partnership of Department of Fisheries (government organization), 9 NGOs and the WorldFish Center, with about 113 waterbodies and more than 23,000 households living around the project sites. The major objective of CBFM is to establish local fishery community organizations by providing credit facilities, training and by promoting social awareness with an aim to enhance poor fishers' capability of greater access to their livelihood assets. A survey of 240 households in Bangladesh was conducted to obtain information from fishers at CBFM and non CBFM sites (control sites). A livelihood assets framework is utilized and a regression model is used to analyze the factors that contribute to household income of poor fishers. The study found that fishers in CBFM areas have improved their access to different assets including social, human, physical, financial and natural capitals. The regression results show that the contribution of social capital is significant to household income, indicating that social factors play very important roles in poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. Future poverty alleviation policy options need to give priority to investments in human, physical and natural capital assets."
Enforcement and Compliance with Fisheries Regulations in Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines
(1997) Viswanathan, K. Kuperan; Abdullah, Nik Mustapha Raja; Susilowati, Indah; Siason, Ida M.; Ticao, Cynthia
"A study of compliance with fisheries regulations in Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines is presented. Compliance models which account for moral obligation and social influence in addition to the conventional expected costs and revenues associated with illegal behavior are developed and tested. The basic deterrence model of regulatory compliance, which focuses on the certainty and severity of sanctions as key determinants of compliance, yields only a partial explanation of compliance behavior and provides poor guidance for policy. To offer a more complete explanation, the models tested herein integrate economic theory with theories from psychology and sociology to account for both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations influencing individuals' decisions whether to comply. Probit, Logit and Tobit econometric estimators are used to examine the compliance behavior of 792 Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippines fishers. The findings are used to draw implications for compliance policy in the context of fishery management regulations."
Fisheries Resources under Stress: The Malaysian Experience
(1993) Yahaya, Jahara; Abdullah, Nik Mustapha Raja
"Numerous evidences have shown that the fishery resources in the West Coast of Peninsula Malaysia have been biologically and economically overexploited since the early seventies, as indicated by (1) falls in catch per unit effort, (2) increases in trash fish composition as a percentage of total catch, and (3) the decline in size of commercial fish caught. The advent of technology, the development of more modern fishing fleet in purse seiners and trawlers, and the change in the fishing policy towards production oriented development have worsened the resource stocks in the area in the subsequent decades. "This paper will attempt to trace the overall fishery development and its impact of overfishing such as fishing sleet expansion for the periods in the seventies and eighties are used to demonstrate to relieve the pressure on the already over-exploited resources."
Measuring Transaction Costs of Fisheries Co-Management
(1998) Kuperan, K.; Mustapha, Nik; Abdullah, Nik Mustapha Raja; Pomeroy, Robert S.; Genio, E.; Salamanca, Albert M.
"Fisheries co-management as an alternative to centralised command and control fisheries management is often suggested as a solution to the problems of fisheries resource use conflicts and overexploitation. Various researchers have talked of the importance of studying the role of transaction costs between different institutional arrangements for managing fisheries resources. There have however been no attempts to verify empirically by measuring the transaction costs involved in fisheries management. This paper provides some measurements of the transaction costs under a fisheries co-management system. The transaction costs can be categorised into three major cost items. These are (1) information costs, (2) collective fisheries decision-making costs, and (3) collective operational costs. The transaction costs of fisheries co-management in San Salvador Island, Philippines is presented. The method of collecting information about transactions cost of fisheries co-management had not been attempted anywhere before. Information on the cost of a wide range of transaction costs variables were collected. The costs are used to assess the relative importance of the various transactions costs in a co-managed and a centrally managed system. The difference in the transaction costs between a centraly managed and a co-managed system is used as a basis for public policy decisions on the choice of alternative institutional arrangements for managing a fishery."

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