Browsing by Author "Deininger, Klaus"

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Do Overlapping Land Rights Reduce Agricultural Investment? Evidence from Uganda
(2007) Deininger, Klaus; Ayalew Ali, Daniel
"The need for land-related investment to ensure sustainable land management and increase productivity of land use is widely recognized. However, there is little rigorous evidence on the effects of property rights for increasing agricultural productivity and contributing toward poverty reduction in Africa. Whether and by how much overlapping property rights reduce investment incentives, and the scope for policies to counter such disincentives, are thus important policy issues. Using information on parcels under ownership and usufruct by the same household from a nationally representative survey in Uganda, the authors find significant disincentives associated with overlapping property rights on short and long-term investments. The paper combines this result with information on crop productivity to obtain a rough estimate of the magnitudes involved. The authors make suggestions on ways to eliminate such inefficiencies."
Impacts of Land Certification on Tenure Security, Investment, and Land Markets: Evidence from Ethiopia
(2008) Deininger, Klaus; Ayalew Ali, Daniel; Alemu, Tekie
"While early attempts at land titling in Africa were often unsuccessful, the need to secure land rights has kindled renewed interest, in view of increased demand for land, a range of individual and communal rights available under new laws, and reduced costs from combining information technology with participatory methods. We used a difference-in-difference approach to assess the effects of a low-cost land registration program in Ethiopia, which covered some 20 million plots over five years, on investment. Despite policy constraints, the program increased land-related investment and yielded benefits significantly above the cost of implementation."
Innovations in Land Tenure, Reform and Administration in Africa
(2005) Augustinus, Clarissa; Deininger, Klaus
"The key focus of this presentation is firstly on a quick review of the current position in regard to innovations in land reform and land administration in Sub Saharan Africa. The second focus is on suggesting some ways of moving forward to strengthen these innovations, to be able to deliver tenure security for the poor, both in rural and urban areas. Land reform will be shown to be an important context for innovative land administration approaches. We will briefly examine some of the better known innovative land administration approaches in Sub Saharan Africa, such as Mozambique and Namibia. Then we will discuss some of the more recent findings concerning affordable and innovative ways of delivering security of tenure in Uganda, Tanzania and Ethiopia, where the World Bank, often partnered by UN-HABITAT, has been recently working. We will also make brief reference to other innovations globally to indicate that unconventional ways of delivering security of tenure is becoming a growing global trend."
Land Reforms, Poverty Reduction, and Economic Growth: Evidence from India
(2007) Deininger, Klaus; Jin, Songqing; Nagarajan, Hari K.
"Recognition of the importance of institutions that provide security of property rights and relatively equal access to economic resources to a broad cross-section of society has renewed interest in the potential of asset redistribution, including land reforms. Empirical analysis of the impact of such policies is, however, scant and often contradictory. This paper uses panel household data from India, together with state-level variation in the implementation of land reform, to address some of the deficiencies of earlier studies. The results suggest that land reform had a significant and positive impact on income growth and accumulation of human and physical capital. The paper draws policy implications, especially from the fact that the observed impact of land reform seems to have declined over time."
Securing Property Rights In Transition: Lessons from Implementation of China's Rural Land Contracting Law
(2007) Deininger, Klaus; Jin, Songqing
"This paper is motivated by the emphasis on secure property rights as a determinant of economic development in recent literature. The authors use village and household level information from about 800 villages throughout China to explore whether legal reform increased protection of land rights against unauthorized reallocation or expropriation with below-average compensation by the state. The analysis provides nation-wide evidence on a sensitive topic. The authors find positive impacts, equivalent to increasing land values by 30 percent, of reform even in the short term. Reform originated in villages where democratic election of leaders ensured a minimum level of accountability, pointing toward complementarity between good governance and legal reform. The paper explores the implications for situations where individuals and groups hold overlapping rights to land."