Browsing by Author "Hanna, Susan"

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Implementing Effective Regional Ocean Governance: Perspectives from Economics
(2006) Hanna, Susan
"The United States Commission on Ocean Policy (USCOP) made several important recommendations pertaining to ecosystem-based ocean governance. The first is the establishment of a national ocean policy framework. This framework would include national coordination among federal agencies, harmonized management of offshore ocean uses, strengthened and streamlined federal agencies, and the voluntary formation of regional ocean councils. Coordination and leadership at the federal level would be provided by a National Ocean Council (cabinet secretaries and federal agency directors) and a Presidential Council of Advisors on Ocean Policy within the Executive Office of the President. The second recommendation is to encourage the formation of voluntary regional ocean councils. The regional ocean councils would have broader jurisdictional boundaries than traditional resource agencies, and their functions would include the coordination of state, territorial, tribal, and local governments, the collection and synthesis of regional ocean information, and the performance of ecosystem assessments."
Industry Participation and Fishery Management Performance
(1995) Hanna, Susan
"Fish populations have the potential to contribute to the long-term economic and social benefit of humans, but to do so they must be managed in ways which maintain ecological health. Four measures of management performance are equity, stewardship, regulatory resilience, and efficiency. A key factor in management performance is the process by which management tools are developed and implemented. One approach to improving performance is to structure the management process around industry participation. The paper analyzes three case studies of industry participation in Pacific groundfish management processes: license limitation program, inter-gear sablefish allocation, and fixed-gear sablefish individual transferable quotas. The case studies illustrate the role played by participation in contributing to equity, stewardship, resilience, and efficiency of the management process. In the three cases, industry participation in the processes resulted in different effects on management performance. The reasons for these differences provide insight into the role industry participation plays. The effect of participation on fishery performance measures depends not only on the structure and process of participation, but also on resource conditions and on the program under consideration. Participation can contribute positively to fishery management performance when it is representative of all interests, creates a clear process, is appropriately timed, lengthens the expectation of tenure, aims at flexibility, is operationally grounded, and is sensitive to equity issues."
Institutions for Managing Resilient Salmon (Oncorhynchus Spp.) Ecosystems: The Role of Incentives and Transaction Costs
(2008) Hanna, Susan
"Institutions are the mechanisms that integrate the human and ecological spheres. This paper discusses the institutional challenge of integrating salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) ecosystems and human systems in ways that effectively promote resilience. Salmon recovery in the Columbia River Basin demonstrates the challenge. Despite the comprehensive scope of Basin salmon management, it has a number of problems that illustrate the difficulties of designing institutions for ecosystem and human system resilience. The critical elements of salmon ecosystem management are incentives and transaction costs, and these comprise a large piece of missing institutional infrastructure. Once the focus is placed on incentives and costs, a number of different management strategies emerge as options for salmon ecosystems, including refugia, property rights to ecosystem goods and services, co-management, and markets in ecosystem services."
Tradition and Globalisation: Common Property in Theory and Practice: The Example of Biodiversity Protection in Fisheries
(2001) Hanna, Susan
From the introduction: "World fisheries are good examples of the magnitude of the changes affecting common property resources. They illustrate the pressures exerted on tradition in an age of globalization that is characterized by the expansion of markets and the integration of environmental policies. Globalization of environmental policy is affecting fisheries in the recovery of overfished stocks, the vesting of use rights, the protection of biodiversity and the advancement toward ecosystem management. This manuscript focuses on biodiversity protection as an example of the challenges associated with finding an effective blend of tradition and change in an era of globalization and in moving from theory to practice."