Browsing by Author "Hoel, Alf Hakon"

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The Performance of Exclusive Economic Zones (PEEZ)
(2000) Andreeva, Elena; Hoel, Alf Hakon; Reichelt, Russell
"The acknowledgment and formal establishment of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), largely during the 1970s and 1980s, brought more than a third of the world's oceans under the jurisdiction of coastal states, thus introducing one of the most far-reaching institutional changes in international society of the twentieth century. Today, more than one hundred EEZs are in force, covering virtually all continental shelf resources and most of the world's fisheries. "The Scientific Steering Committee of the international project on the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC) has decided to launch a program of studies dealing with the consequences of this institutional change through the Performance of Exclusive Economic Zones (PEEZ) framework outlined in this scoping report. The objective of PEEZ is to contribute to our understanding of the roles that institutions play in global environmental change and, more specifically, to address IDGEC's focus on the reasons why some institutional responses to environmental problems prove more effective than others (IDGEC 1999). Through a systematic investigation of the performance of the EEZs in terms of sustainability, efficiency, governance, and knowledge, PEEZ aims to enhance our understanding of the ways institutions work in practice, a matter of substantial interest to the policy community as well as the science community. "PEEZ does not seek to assess all the consequences associated with the creation of EEZs. Rather, it highlights the performance of EEZs with regard to living marine resources, and grants priority to IDGEC's core regions: the Circumpolar North and Southeast Asia. The purpose of this scoping report is to spell out a set of key science questions regarding the performance of EEZs and to identify analytic procedures and data sets as well as organizational matters relevant to this research program."
Problems of User-Groups Participation in Norwegian Fisheries Management
(1991) Hoel, Alf Hakon; Jentoft, Svein; Mikalsen, Knut H.
"The current crisis in the Norwegian fishing industry has triggered a public debate on the efficacy of fisheries management -- with special attention being paid to the role of user-groups in regulatory decision-making. Demands are being made for drastic changes in management structures, and the National Regulatory Council has come under heavy fire. Our paper describes the organization of the Norwegian system of fisheries management -- with special emphasis on the effects of user-group representation. The inherent conflicts within the Regulatory Council will be addressed, as well as the role of the Fishermen's Union."
Regionalisation of International Whale Management: The North Atlantic Committee for Research on Marine Mammals
(1991) Hoel, Alf Hakon
"A major research field in international political science is the establishment and change of international regimes, of which resource regimes is a subcategory. The development of international regimes in the case of whaling is particularly interesting, as there is a long history of international whale management, dating back to 1931. Moreover, the 1946 whaling convention was at that time an innovative organizational setup for the handling of an international common property problem. The organization failed to manage the Antarctic whale resource properly until the second half of the 1960s when the organization entered an interesting period of scientific management. From the late 1970s the organization has turned gradually into a protectionist body, where many of the actors involved will not allow for any kind of whaling, regardless of the state of whale stocks. As it has become abundantly clear that whale stocks can sustain harvesting, the north Atlantic nations have established their own institutional framework for cooperation on research on marine mammals. This regime represents an institutional diversification which is interesting both in terms of its political ramifications and its institutional capability to handle complex resource management problems in a more multi-species oriented approach than the IWC can, and with regard to its legal status vis-a-vis the IWC. As for the latter, the 1982 Law of the Sea Convention is of particular interest."