Browsing by Author "Itoh, Tadao"

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Rural Environment, Self-Governance of Local Common-Pool Resources and Development Planning in Japan
(2000) Sarker, Ashutosh; Itoh, Tadao; Nakashima, Masahiro
"We can identify two major rural environments: the infrastructural rural environment and the non-infrastructural rural environment. The former refers to rural natural resources such as irrigation, farmland, forestry, and fisheries, and the later to externalities or incidents such as pollution of irrigation water because of industrial wastes or excess use of chemical pesticides, crop damage because of acid rain, rural population pressure on farmland and urban population pressure on rural farmland. In this paper while we are mainly concerned with Japan's infrastructural rural environment with special reference to self-governance issues of common irrigation system as a common-pool resource (CPR), we will briefly illustrate some important aspects of non-infrastructural one."
Social Capital and Irrigation Resource Management in Japan
(1999) Sarker, Ashutosh; Itoh, Tadao
"This paper concerns an empirical case study on the collective action of a large number of irrigators who successfully manage their large-scale irrigation system, a humanly-made closed-access common-pool resource (CPR) in Japan. While government's economic investment is important, the study has observed that the social capital that the irrigators have traditionally built in is a critical factor for the successful self-management of common irrigation resource system. When Japanese government invests in physical capital, it plays a supportive role attaching a special priority to the irrigators' social capital and does not coerce them to manage their irrigation system."