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Permanent link for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10535/2

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Caring, Empathy, and the Commons: A Relational Theory of Collective Action
(Cambridge University Press, 2023) Lejano, Raul; Lejano, Raul
"People are not autonomous individuals but connected beings. Curae ergo sum – we care, therefore we are. Relationality – which refers to the ethic and manner by which relational considerations govern decisions and institutional arrangements can take advantage of the power of connection – uncovers how social connection, across divides, moves people to act for the other. Drawing from research on empathy, social networks, and determinants of pro-social behavior, Caring, Empathy, and the Commons builds on Ostrom’s Governing the Commons. It offers a different mechanism by which collective action is induced, arguing that, sometimes, the individual thinks not in terms of individual gain but in terms of the other. Developing this concept of relationality, this book explores various strands of literature and examines how this idea might be used to foster collective action around climate, species protection, fair trade, and other dilemmas of the commons."
The Commons: New Perspectives on Nonprofit Organization, Voluntary Action and Philanthropy
(Jossey-Bass, 1992) Lohmann, Roger A.
"An original theoretical statement of the commons theory of association; the view that nonprofit organizations, voluntary associations, foundations and other philanthropic and third sector institutions can be understood as commons of voluntary participation, shared purposes and common resource pools. Participation in such commons is said to establish the conditions for the production of trust, networks and other forms of social capital and of rules, rituals and other evidence of moral order."
Halting Degradation of Natural Resources: Is There a Role for Rural Communities?
(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 1996) Baland, Jean-Marie; Platteau, Jean-Philippe
"The present work is concerned with the topical issue of natural resource management. It does not deal, however, with broad-spectrum environmental concerns such as protection of wilderness areas (for example, the south pole), air or water pollution, etc., but focuses on local ecosystems. What distinguishes local-level resources from larger ecosystems is that (1) they are susceptible of appropriation by relatively small units (including individuals) and (2) they can lead to rivalry in consumption in so far as yields of these resources are clearly perceived as subtractable. This book thus addresses the question as to how these local or village-level natural resources (as contrasted with global commons) can be most efficiently and equitably managed. In other words, can we find guidelines or sound theoretical principles for an optimal long-term exploitation of local resources (forests, irrigation water, pastures, lakes and rivers, sea areas, etc.)? Disturbing evidence highlighting rapid processes of resource depletion, particularly so in developing countries, has stimulated a lot of theoretical and empirical works during the last decades. Moreover, relevant theoretical tools (such as game theory) have been developed independently of environmental concerns which have potential applications to this field. The present attempt aims essentially at making a pause in order to take stock of the achievements attained so far. We believe this step is necessary in view not only of the considerable body of literature which has accumulated on the subject under concern, but also of the multidisciplinary nature of the works involved. Due to these two characteristics, there are many gaps to be bridged between various strands of thinking or contributions to the field."
Public Assets, Private Profits: Reclaiming the American Commons in an Age of Market Enclosure
(New America Foundation, 2001) Bollier, David
"Many of the resources that Americans own as a people - forests and minerals under public lands, public information and federally financed research, the broadcast airwaves and public institutions and traditions - are increasingly being taken over by private business interests. These appropriations of common assets are siphoning revenues from the public treasury, shifting ownership and control from public to private interests, and eroding democratic processes and shared cultural values. "In the face of this marketization of public resources, most Americans do not realize that some of our most valuable assets are collective and social in character - our 'common wealth.' Collectively, U.S. citizens own one-third of the surface area of the country, as well as the mineral-rich continental shelf. Huge deposits of oil, uranium, natural gas and other mineral wealth can be found on public lands, along with rich supplies of timber, fresh water and grazing land. Beyond environmental resources, the American people own dozens of other assets with substantial market value, including government- funded research and development, the Internet, the airwaves and the public information domain. "Our government, for its part, is not adequately protecting these assets. Instead, it is selling them off at huge discounts, giving them away for free, or marketizing resources that should not be sold in the first place. These include, public lands, genetic structures of life, the public's intellectual property rights, and cherished civic symbols. "The growing appropriations of public assets - and the spread of market values to areas of life where they should not go - could be called the 'enclosure' of the American commons."
Sustaining the Commons
(Center for the Study of Institutional Diversity, 2013) Anderies, John M.; Janssen, Marco A.
"In this book you will learn about institutions--the rules and norms that guide the interactions among us. Those rules and norms can be found from traffic rules, rules in sports, regulations on when and where alcohol can be consumed, to constitutional rules that define who can become president of the United States of America. Rules and norms guide us to cooperative outcomes of so-called collective action problems. If we rely on voluntary contributions only to get anything done, this may not lead to the best results. But research also shows that coercion of people to comply to strict rules do not necessary lead to good outcomes. What combination of sticks and carrots is needed to be successful to solve collective action problems such as sustaining the commons?"
Understanding the Urban Commons: Economics and Governance
(Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2021) Polko, Adam; Czornik, Malgorzata; Ochojski, Artur
"The book is addressed to anybody researching urban and regional studies. Still, the interdisciplinary character of this issue makes it useful for representatives of economic and management sciences, and for people dealing with social and economic geography, spatial management, architecture, urban planning and urban sociology. It can be hoped that the book will fulfil utilitarian objectives, including disseminating the economics of urban commons among people who take actions concerning the common goods in cities, as well as local authorities looking for the best solutions within more participative management of shared urban resources and implementing urban policies that promote social inclusion and sustainable development."
Women's Collective Action: Unlocking the Potential of Agricultural Markets
(Oxfam International, 2013) Baden, Sally
"Development actors are increasingly prioritising 'investing in women' to ensure food security and sustainability--as well as equity--in agricultural development. In this context, collective action is a critical but poorly understood way for women small-scale farmers to strengthen their engagement in agricultural markets. This report provides rigorous new evidence, from quantitative and qualitative research carried out in Ethiopia, Mali and Tanzania, on the economic and empowerment benefits of women’s participation in collective action groups across different agricultural farming systems and markets. The success factors and intervention strategies that have enabled women to benefit most are analysed in order to identify lessons for the future. The research highlights gaps in both current development practice and the wider policy environment which need to be addressed to ensure that collective action in agricultural markets is effective and empowering for rural women."

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