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PDF
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Type:
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Working Paper |
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Author:
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Korzycka-Iwanow, Malgorzata; Ostrom, Elinor; Ostrom, Vincent |
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Date:
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1985 |
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Agency:
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Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN |
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Series:
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Working Paper, No. W85-21 |
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URI:
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https://hdl.handle.net/10535/4336
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Sector:
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Agriculture |
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Region:
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Subject(s):
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Workshop
biotechnology
agrotechnology
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Abstract:
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"Three basic directions in agricultural biotechnology can be distinguished as follows:
1. To change (increase) the yield of crops. This was, for example, Borlaug's approach in breeding new varieties of agricultural plants for higher yields. This usually requires high production costs because of higher usage of fertilizers, water, etc. Recalling some failures of the green revolution, we have to remember that a successful usage of some new varieties of plants depends critically on a sufficient supply In production factors and these factors may not be available to many Third World farmers. The real possibility of using new varieties of plants is also closely linked with the socioeconomic structure and
infrastructure of agriculture in these countries.
2. To lower production costs, for example, by lowering the usage of nitrogen fertilizers by obtaining new varieties of plants that can absorb nitrogen from the air. This direction can be much more beneficial for Third World countries where production costs are one of the barriers in development.
3. To change the composition of the agricultural plant is to change the proportion of its chemical composition in relation to the purposes a certain plant serves, for example, corn for fodder versus human consumption. This type of an approach will mostly depend on programs and needs of particular national economies.
"All three directions need special institutional arrangements. To enforce these directions, special institutional arrangements are needed which reflect the socioeconomic demands and capabilities of each country."
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