Unraveling Reciprocal Dynamics: Examining Reciprocal Relationships in Governing Common Pool Resources through Collective Action

Abstract

Collective action in the governance of Common Pool Resources (CPRs) is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. Elinor Ostrom's design principles have advocated the role of social relationships, trust, and reciprocity among local level stakeholders as the foundation for voluntary governance. However, practical realities sometimes necessitate the involvement of higher-level authorities, primarily governments, in CPR governance to address social dilemmas. The coexistence of governance across multiple levels underscores the need for effective collective actions that bridge these entities. Yet, scholarly examination of the reciprocal relationship between governments and local-level stakeholders remains limited. This study aims to contribute to this research gap by conducting a structured review of empirical institutional research in water management cases. By exploring how collective action is facilitated in practice, this review paper seeks to answer two fundamental research questions: Is there a reciprocal relationship between government authorities and core resource users, and if so, what characterizes the nature of this reciprocity? This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricacies surrounding collective action within the realm of common pool resource governance. It sheds light on the nuanced interplay between resource users and higher-level governing bodies, offering valuable insights for sustainable resource management and governance practices.