Community Based Co-Management of Pasture and Forest Resources in Mongolia

Abstract

"Main source of the animal husbandry feed base is natural pasture an ecologically based system. Natural pastures serve as part of the daily chain of livestock for feed and survival. Mongolian livestock receive 90 percent of the fodder needs from total pasture area. The natural pasture is very sensitive structure easy to be overgrazed and degraded, given a low productivity depend on climate change and influence of human activities. That is very difficult to restore even almost unfeasible to be rehabilitated. Therefore, pasture utilization system are comfortable for nomadic traditional way. In currently, Mongolian pasture land is under government but livestock is private. The herders are no tax for the pasture utilization. Therefore, almost 70 % of whole pasture impacted by degradation. Consequently, natural pasture condition depend on herding techniques of individual herders. In the article has described pasture conservation issues depend on pasture utilization technologies, regulate of carrying capacity, herding techniques and climate changing proceeds. The pasture conservation issues must be related with plant composition, structure of yield and productivity. There is a research results an ecologically-based system to optimize management of livestock production and biodiversity conservation."