Multi-Method Framework for Evaluating Habitat Conservation Plans Using Remote Sensing Analysis

Abstract

"The U.S. Endangered Species Act requires individuals and organizations (other than federal agencies) to prepare and implement a habitat conservation plan (HCP) before they develop any part of an endangered species habitat. Over the last decade, the number and size of HCPs have grown exponentially. Yet no systematic evaluations of HCP implementation have been completed. As a first step in filling this gap, we develop and apply a multi-method framework for evaluating HCP implementation at several geographic scales. One such method is remote sensing, which allows analysts to track changes in land cover within planning areas. We test the utility of this framework by evaluating the implementation of the Coachella Valley Fringe-Toed Lizard HCP in southern California. We conclude with observations about the crucial role that implementation evaluations and remote sensing analysis should play in adaptive management of environmental problems."