Harm Reduction in Ontario: Approach Opioid Crisis from the Spectrum of Governing the Commons

Abstract

"The increase in psychoactive drugs and its association with generating state profit creates many disagreements and prejudices towards harm reduction policies programs and practices, primarily to reduce adverse health, social and economic consequences of the use of legal and illegal psychoactive. 10 percent of these legal and illegal psychoactive drug users suffer from an opioid-related crisis and developed nations such as Canada, Australia, and the United States are left with untreated pain and lack in the appropriate use of opioids and other health-hazard risks of nonmedical use (Globenewswire, 2019). However, Canada remains to view the epoch crisis from political spectrum, re-implementing and redesigning the punitive laws and legislation of the drug consumption, exacerbating the drug-related deaths and victims, rather, to reduce the burden of the crisis effects on the local populations by adapting to the pandemic and resolving issues through provision of access to adequate resources, health-related treatments, and improve prevention sites (both in numbers and quality). It is further noted without intervention, there is expected to be 235 000 opioid-related deaths (both from prescript and illicit drug consumption) from 2016 to 2020, and this number is to be increased to 500 000 by 2025 (Allison, Keith, Margaret, 2018). To illustrate the opioid crisis, it is important to address the epidemic from determinants of social (and educational), etiology, and epidemiological grassroots rather a political problem of Canada. Furthermore, there are supporting objectives to direct why there is a need to utilize the drug's historical and current methodologies to overcome the crisis because there exists mass research and policies over opioid overdose, but constraints active planning, designing and implementing of health systems strategies (eg, needs, usage, risk of opioid-related preventions). First, it studies the need for reimplementation of opioid overdose crisis in its published and existing harm reduction policies and practices/ programs. Second, it supports crisis management by analyzing the governance of commons resources of the Canadian healthcare systems prior to health determinants inequalities and access to prevention facilities. Third, opioid crisis needs to be scrutinized under the Canadian healthcare system both as a state governing and community-based governing resource in which both the allocation and utilization of healthcare facilities benefits (or deprives) from the access of the services to its local population. This is because the Canadian health sector subsidies from the same system which also facilitates the distribution of country’s national economic, education, and governmental institutions causing fluctuations in its management of commons servicing the prevention of national opioid crisis."