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Journal Article Value Added, Margins, and Consumer Expenditures for Edible Fishery Products in the United States 1976-78(1979) Penn, Erwin S.; Crews, Wenona J."The presentation in value terms of the basic estimates in this study makes it possible to produce analogous figures that can be compared with gross national product value of other industries, and total and per capita expenditures for other food products."Journal Article Oyster Seed Hatcheries on the U.S. West Coast: An Overview(1979) Clark, Jerry E.; Langmo, Donald"Oyster production in the United States has been diminishing for nearly 80 years. Natural disasters (including disease and predation), pollution, siltation, and land reclamation projects have all contributed to the decline. Present U.S. production is not even equal to what once came from the Chesapeake Bay alone."Journal Article Agri-Silviculture in Tropical America(1979) Weaver, Peter"Agri-silviculture is a production scheme that supplies wood, foodstuffs and/or animal products from a single management unit where good agricultural practices are complemented by the judicious use of trees. Such a unit could be a farm, a small community or a portion of a watershed. Despite its numerous benefits, agri-silviculture should not be seen as a substitute for intensive agriculture or forestry on any given terrain. Trees compete for light and water, and unless properly managed, can reduce marketable produce. Agri-silviculture is best viewed as one means to keep certain slopes in permanent production or to rehabilitate lands degraded by poor agriculture practices."Journal Article Social Forestry in India(1979) Pant, M.M."In India, a conceptual distinction has been drawn between production forestry (so far confined mainly to reserved forests) and social forestry (scattered land wherever tree-growing is possible). Social forestry is, in effect, an integral part of the Gandhian philosophy of economic growth and community development. Imagine an economy in which the present idle land and water resources, owned by individuals or communities, are harnessed for better purposes by putting to work unemployed people. The social benefits thus generated and the additional resources so created may serve as stepping stones toward self-sufficiency. The objectives of social forestry as defined by the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA, 1976) are: (a) supply of fuelwood to replace cow dung; (b) supply of small timber; (c) supply of fodder; (d) protection of agricultural fields from wind and soil erosion; and (e) creation of recreational amenities. Its main components are: farm forestry, rural forestry, and urban forestry. Broadly speaking, their objectives are almost identical, the differences being too subtle, but worth examining."Journal Article An Investigation of Cree Indian Domestic Fisheries in Northern Quebec(1979) Berkes, Fikret"Domestic or subsistence fisheries of the eastern James Bay Cree. were studied, mainly in Fort George, by direct observation. These fisheries were characterized by large numbers of participants, low catches per day and per fisherman, but high catches per length of net used, as compared to commercial fisheries. Most stocks appear lightly utilized, but in the vicinity of larger settlements there is evidence that some stocks are overfished. The total catch may be increased by distributing the fishing effort more evenly over a larger area. Fish resource base of the region appears suitable for supporting local economic development with respect to recreational fisheries and native-run commercial fisheries for the local market, as well as maintaining the domestic fishery."Journal Article Composition of Catches Made by Anglers Fishing for Summer Flounder, Paralychthys Dentatus From New Jersey Party Boats in 1978(1979) Christensen, Darryl J.; Clifford, Walter J."Anglers were interviewed while fishing for summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus, along the New Jersey coast from party boats. Mean seasonal catch rates for full-day and half-day anglers were 3.15 and l .86 summer flounder per man per trip, respectively, from 19 June to 1 September 1978. Other fish species made up less than 10 percent of the catch. A total of 828 summer flounder were measured and ages were determined for 427 specimens. Analysis of the age-length data indicates that /I +, 1Jf +, lV +, V +, and >V + age summer flounder made up 4.3, 73.0, 20.3, l.8, and 0.6 percent of the catch, respectively."