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Conference Paper Urban Bads and the Structure of Institutional Arrangements(1979) Sproule-Jones, Mark"This paper will attempt to answer these broad questions. It does so by first outlining what may be called 'the theory of public bads.' Such a theory is necessary to explain the relationships between institutional arrangements and policy initiatives in the context of an urban and interdependent society. And this kind of explanatory knowledge is necessary for an evaluation of past institutional changes and future institutional possibilities. "Part II of the paper contains the theory and an illustrative case study of its empirical warrantability. Part III of the paper argues that the thrust of most changes in institutional arrangements over the last decade may have exacerbated rather than ameliorated the human condition in urban society. This argument is congruent with the theoretical section. It also presents a key institutional reform which could set the agenda for responsive and effective governance of urban society in the immediate future."Conference Paper Performance Measurement in Practice: A Methodology Gone Amuck!(1979) Ostrom, Elinor"'Evaluation research,' 'productivity measurement,' 'Management science,' and "program budgeting are different names given to closely related techniques all of which involve measuring organizational or program performance in one way or another. Much is to be learned from these approaches in any effort to to address the conceptual issues involved in measuring the performance of public agencies such as the police. However, while the early work in these traditions stressed the iterative and learning nature of the enterprise, more recent applications have routinized the process into defined steps. Blind acceptance by evaluation researchers of these reconstituted approach hes to performance measurement can have serious consequences for the quality and usefulness of the work produced."Book Some Evidence on the Effect of the Separation of Spending and Taxing Decisions(1979) Winer, Stanley L."In this paper I attempt to shed light on this question by considering a phenomenon which in both Canada and the United States has been associated with one of the most dramatic and increasing separations of the post-war era: the intergovernmental grant from federal to state or provincial governments. If separation by itself, influences the relative size of the public secore, we could reasonably expect to observe this effect as one of the consequences of the system of intergovernmental flows."