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Abstract:
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"Although the current constitution has determined roles of the state to support people participation in their natural resource management nearby the locality, there is a loophole to obstruct the implementation. Therefore, the article argues that decision-making powers in community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) still limited in the leaders and better-off well-being groups. Natural resource management needs to deal with conflicting benefits and power to control and decision-making on land resources of various local agencies and heterogeneity within communities.
"The data was collected by using secondary information from various local and national agencies. In-depth interviews with various key informants were also used in composite with direct observation in various meetings and workshops in the villages and the SAOs. However, there are only three villages (called the A, B, and C villages) in the studied watershed that are referred as illustrating cases.
"The study found that there are many evidences of national policies conflicting within themselves. This can open opportunities for local governmental agencies to deviate from the responsive implementation to really strengthen CBNRM. Therefore, the CBNRM is still limited in voluntary protection, but not power in resource management and governance. And community heterogeneity is not well considered yet in the CBNRM, although it is found that the community heterogeneity in terms of the well-being, education, intensity and types (in specific to areas) of dependency on natural resources has found to influence on the institutional development particularly on the decision-making on the management."
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