Sustainable Development of the Boreal Forest: Interaction of Ecological, Social, and Business Feedbacks

Found at: https://hdl.handle.net/10535/2741
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Type:	Journal Article
Author:	Chapin, F. Stuart; Whiteman, Gail
Journal:	Ecology and Society
Volume:	2
Page(s):
Date:	1998
URI:	https://hdl.handle.net/10535/2741
Sector:	Forestry
Region:	North America
Subject(s):	forests business and finance ecosystems sustainability
Abstract:	"Humans are an integral component of ecosystems, just as the products of ecosystems are critical to social systems. To understand the future state of the boreal forest, we must understand the ecological, social, economic, and business interactions that link ecological and social systems into a common regional system, as well as the feedbacks that govern changes in these interactions. We analyze the negative feedbacks that promoted a sustainable interaction between ecological and social systems prior to the development of business systems, which are dominated by positive feedbacks that have reduced the sustainability of the boreal system. We suggest a minimum set of interactions that are required to improve the sustainability of a business-based boreal system."

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