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Abstract:
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"Diversity as a concept has often been perceived as a positive system attribute to pursue and
protect. However, in some social settings, the way different kinds of diversity shape outcomes can vary
significantly. Diversity of ideas and individuals sometimes can lead to disagreement and conflict, which
in turn can lead to both positive and negative outcomes. In this study, we examine identity diversity, i.e.,
age, income, education, worldviews, etc., within the context of Brazilian water governance. We find that
within the basins studied in this project, first, the more diversity in organizations and the sectors represented
on the council, the more council members participate in council activities, perceive decision making to be
democratic, and perceive technical information to facilitate decision making. Second, diversity in what
members perceive to be the most pressing problems facing the basin and also diversity in worldviews often
correlate negatively with some measures of participation and the perceived importance of technical
knowledge. Third, diversity in the level of experience with water issues negatively correlates with some
measures of participation and perceived democratic decision making. Fourth, diversity in the perception
of the most important problem facing the basin leads to poorer outcomes in the council. Our work provides
an argument for supporting broad sectoral representation of interests within deliberative decision making
bodies; however, it also illustrates that it is critical for these bodies to explore ways to resolve basic
disagreements about the most important problems that need to be addressed and where their collective
efforts should be focused."
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